Transmission-gearing and brake mechanism.



' No. 894,5;16. PATENTBD JULY 28, 1908.

-' H. F. Mums.

TRANSMISSION GE'ARING AND BRAKE MEGHANISM.

APPLIGATIoN FILED AUG. zz. 19o?.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.`

ATTORNEY nNrTnn sTATEs PATENT entren g HYLA F. MAYNEs, or GAiNEs,PENNSYLVANIA.

TRANSMISSION-GEARING AND BRAKE MECHANISM.

Application filed August 22',

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, HYLA F. MAYNEs, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Graines, county of Tioga, and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inTransmission-Gearing and Brake Mechanism, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part thereof.

My invention relates to improvements in transmission gearing and brakemechanism', and particularly to two speed, coaster7 and brake mechanismadapted for use in connecf tion with bicycles.

In the most approved form of two speed and coaster brake mechanism ofthe present day, and for which a number of United States patents havealready been granted to me, the changes from one speed of drive toanother is brought about by movements of the driving element itself. Itis also highly desirable that brake mechanism be rovided in connectiontherewith, such as is a so operated by the driving element, as in theordinary single speed, coaster, and brake mechanism of the present day.

The main object then of my present invention is to provide asimple,.eflicient and durable two speed, coaster, and brake mechanism,the entire operation of which is under control of the power transmittingor driving element.

In the present form of my invention I have adapted the well known formof Morrow coaster and brake mechanism `to my two speed gearing,employing the operating element therein for not only applyingthe brake,but also for connectingeither of two driving sleeves in driving relationwith the driven element, and for bringing about the operation of themeans by whichithe articular sleeve to be so connected is selected? Myinvention therefore consists first in a i novel two speed, coaster, andbrake mechanism arranged to be entirely operated and controlled by thedriving element; second in the employment of a single operating memberor element, normally disconnected from .direct Specification of LettersPatent.

Patented July 28, 1908. 1907. serial No. 389,680.

in driving relation at one speed or another in accordance with the speedof drive selected; and thirdly my invention consists in many noveldetails of construction and combina- `tion of parts as will hereinaftermore fully a ear.

p n order that my invention may be fully understood I will -now proceedto describe an embodiment thereof, having reference to the accom anyingdrawings illustrating the same and wil then point out the novel detailsin claims.

In the drawin s: Figure 1 is a view in central longitudina sectionthrough a bicycle hub and mechanism in connection therewith constitutingan embodiment of my invention. Fig. 2 is a view in transverse sectionthereof, upon the plane ofthe line 2-2 of Fig.i1. Fig. 3 is a detailview,'in transverse section, of certain parts, the plane of sectionbeing upon the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view in elevation of theparts contained within the hub, and showing a small portion of the hubin section. Fig. 5 is a detail view in elevation of certain parts of theclutch operating and controlling mechanism. Fig. 6 is a similar view ofa slightly modified form of the device. Fig. 7 is a detail view inelevation of certain parts, viewed at right angles to the point of viewof Fig. 4, showing particularly the brake shell and certain co-actingand co-related parts. v

The device, as a whole, com rises a stationary axle 10, a sprocket whee11 concentrically mounted thereon and constituting a power transmittingdevice or driving element, and a hub 12, which may conveniently be thehub of a bicycle wheel, also mounted concentrically with respect to thestationary axle and constituting the driven element. The sprocket wheel11 is secured fast-to a flange 13 formed as a part of, or rigidlysecured to, a sleeve 14, which I herein describe as the high speedsleeve of the device. The said sleeve is mounted within the hub 12 andsurrounds the axle'10. A second sleeve 15, which I herein term the lowspeed sleeve is also mounted within the hub around the said axle 10,being located between the high s eed sleeve 14 and the said axle. Thetwo s eeves are connected to rotate together at different rates of speedby means of gearing comprising a stationary sun gear 16 secured upon theaxle 10, planetary gears 17 in mesh with the said sun gear 16 andmounted upon arbors carried by a flange 13 of the said low speed sleeve15, whereby they will rotate bodily therewith, and will have a planetarymovement with respect to the sun gear 16 independent of their ownmovement of rotation, and an internal gear ring 19 with which theplanetary gears 17 also mesh, the said internal gear ring being securedto, and carried by, the high speed sleeve 14. The relationship of theforegoing gearing is such that the two sleeves are positively connectedto rotate together, but the relative rate of the speed of the sleeve 14is higher than that of the sleeve 15. It will follow now that ifmovement be transmitted to the element 11 f and the high speed sleeve beconnected by a suitable clutch mechanism to the hub 12 the said hub willbe driven aty the same rate of lpeed as the high speed sleeve and as theriving element, but that if the clutch between the high s eed sleeve andthe hub be released and the ow speed sleeve be connected by a suitableclutch mechanism to the said hub, then when driving movements aretransmitted to the element 11 the hub 12 will still be driven forwardbut at a lower rate of speed.

l will first describe the clutch mechanism between the high speed sleeveand the hub: This mechanism includes a clutch operating ring 20 which ismounted upon, and carried by, the high speed sleeve 14, the said sleevebeing provided with a spiral thread 21 with which a correspondingprojection 22 of the said ring 2O engages, the ring and sleeve formingin effect a nut and screw of somewhat high pitch. The screw is righthanded, as here shown, so that when the driving element is givenclock-wise driving movements (as viewed from the right hand end of Fig.1), the said ring 20 will 'be given a tendency to move over toward thesaid right hand end, by screwing up upon the thread. The ring .20 ismounted between two rings 23 and 24,

which together constitute a carrier for expanding members or wedges 25,said expanding members or wedges and the said rings constituting as awhole an operating member for various purposes as will presently beexplained. The said expanding members or wedges are mounted in slots ina brake shell 26 (see Fig. 4), and have two sets of tapered faces 27 and23, the former arranged to engage with corresponding faces 29 in asegmental clutch ring 30, and the latter with corresponding faces 31inthe brake shell 26. The operating member, including the wedges 25 andthe rings 23 and 24, the brake shell 26, and the segmental clutch ring30, are thus in constant rotative engagement with each other. When thering or nut 20 is forced over to the right, as ust explained, it willengage the carrier ring 24 and will thereby force the expanding membersor wedges 25 over to the right to cause the tapered faces 27 toengagethe faces 29 of the segments 30, whereby to expand the saidsegments 3() and to force them against the inner surface of the hub 12to rotatively connect them therewith. rllhe adjacent faces of the rings2() and 24 are provided with co-acting tee-th 32, so that the said ringswill be rotatively connected together when in engagement as just setforth, so that when the several parts are in the position just referredto the hub 12 and the high speed sleeve 14 will be positively connectedtogether in driving relation. l preferably provide the nut or ring 20with the usual frietion drag generally employed in this type of clutch,such friction drag comprising an expansible steel ring 33 secured to,and carried by the said ring 2O and having a frictional engagement withthe inner surface of the earrier ring 24. This drag ring operates toprevent the nut or ring 20 from being carried around freely with thehigh speed sleeve, as might otherwise happen, giving it a tendency tohang back so that it will positively screw up on the sleeve whenpermitted so to do.

I will now proceed to describe the clutch mechanism for connecting thelow speed sleeve 15 with the hub 12, it being` understood that suitablemeans is provided for throwing the high speed clutch out of operationwhen the low speed clutch is employed. t

The low speed sleeve 15 is provided near its left hand end with spiralgrooves 34, to which are fitted pawls 35, which are mounted in, andcarried by, the carrier ring 23. The ring 23 and pawls 35 act as a nutupon the screw of the sleeve 15, whereby when the sleeve is rotatedclock-wise the ring 23 is given a tendency to move toward the right,just as in the same manner as previously described for the high speedclutch ring 20. But the ring 23 being a portion of the carrier for theexpanding members or wedges 25, it will follow that the movement of thering 23 to the right will cause the expanding members to correspondinglymove to the right and to force apart the clutch segments 30, whereby toengage the inner surfaces of the hub 12 in the manner above set forth.The low speed eluteh ring will be thus directly connected with the hub12 through the medium of the grooves 34, the

pawls 35, the ring 23, the wedges 25, and the clutch segments 30, asjust explained. lt will be noted, however, that because the sleeve 14rotates at a higher rate of speed than the sleeve 15, the low speedclutch will be over-driven .when the high speed clutch is in operationso that at such time the low speed clutch will be inoperative, the pawlswill merely ride over or across the grooves 34 without operativelyengaging them. at all.

For the purpose of rendering the high speed clutch inoperative when itis desired to drive through the low s )eed clutch l have provided aclutch controlller, which I will now describe, such clutch controllerbeing CTR - frictionally against t operated by relative movements of thepower transmitting member 11 itself. The clutch controller comprises aring 36 mounted on, and carried by, the high speed sleeve 14, said ringprovided with exterior ratchet teeth 37 and interior ratchet teeth 38. Apawl 39, here shown as a part of an expanding spring 40, is arranged toengage the exterior teeth 37, while a pawl 41 arranged as a part of aspring 42 engages the interior set of teeth 38. The ex anding spring 40bears lie interior of the shell 26 and hence has a tendency to partakeof the movements thereof, while the awl 41 passes through a' slot in thehig speed sleeve 14, whereby it partakes of the movements of the saidsleeve. lIf rearward or back pedaling movements be given to the powertransmitting member 11 and hence also to the high speed vsleeve 14,whilethe shell 26 is held stationary, (and the said shell 26 .will beheld stationary at such times, as will presently appear) the effect willbe to produce a relative rearward movement of the high speed sleeve withrespect to the clutch controller rin 36, said clutch controller ringbeing he d stationary with the shell 26 by means of the pawl 39. Thepawl 39 has an inwardly projectingv portion 43 which engages with a deres'sion 44 in the high speed sleeve 14 said depression being of such alength as to ermit a relative movement between the said sleeve and theclutch controller ring 36, a distance of just one tooth. Furtherrearward movements of the sleeve 14 will have the effect of merelycarrying the ring 36 backwards with it7 as will be well understood byreference to Fig. 2 of the drawings. The awl 41 Will act as a stop pawlwhen the sileeve 14 thus moves rearwardly with respect to the ring 36,said pawl pickingl up another tooth at such time so that when forwardmovements are again applied to thehigh speed sleeve 14 (by reason offorward driving movements again a plied tothe power transmitting member11 the ring 36 will again be carried around in a forward direction withthe said high speed sleeve 14, the pawl 39'and spring'40 hangin backduring the first forward movement o' the sleeve 14 (the shell beingstill held sta-l tionary), whereby the pawl 39 will be caused to pick upa new tooth ready for the next clutch controller operation. The ring 36is provided with a set of lateral projections 45,

y said projections alternating `with depressions, and the Vnut or ring20 is also provided with a set of corresponding proj-ections 46 whichalso alternate with depressionsLthe depressions of the one ring arran edto fit and receive the projections of t e other. The set of projections45 also correspond with the ratchet teeth aforesaid, so that at eachstep by step-rotative movement imparted to the clutch controller ring36, in the 47 will be held stationary.

manner just above mentioned, the said projections 45 will be moved froma position opposite the teeth 46 to a position opposite the depressionsbetween them, or vice versa.

When in the former position the clutch conn troller ring 36 will preventthe ring or nut20 from moving to theright far enough to cause theoperation of the high speed clutch and hence will maintain the highspeed clutch in an inoperative position, but when the teeth 45 areopposite Vthe depressions between the teeth 46, then the nut or ring 20willbe permittedv to move a distance sufficient to operate the highspeed clutch, as above explained. j

I will now explain how-the shell 26 is held stationary for the purposeof bringing about the operation of the clutch controller, as above setforth. yRearward movements imparted to the power transmitting member 11,

and hence to the sleeves 14 and 15, will tend to unwind the carrier ring23 upon the thread or grooves 34, thereby moving the said carrier to theleft (as viewed in Fig. 1). In this movement the inclined faces 28 ofthe ex- The said ring 47 is loosely mounted in the device except for itsrotative connection with the shell through the said wedge blocks, andhence when the said shell is moved over to the left the ring 47 will becarried over with it. teeth 49 which are normally arranged to just clearsimilar teeth 56 upon a race ring 51, which is secured rigidly to thestationary axle 1() or other stationary part of the device.

At its opposite end the said carrier has The said ring is provided withcrown 5.

A light spring 52 normally tends to keep the rins 47 and 51 apart, saidspring arranged to ear against a drag collar or washer 53, whereby theteeth 49 and 5() shall clear, but whenv pressure is applied in themanner just describe'dito drive the ring 47 to the left,`the v teeth 491and 50 will engage, whereby the ring The holding vof the ring 47stationary Will, by reason of the connection thereof throughy the wedges48 with the shell 26, hold the'said shell stationary, and the said shellwill be held stationary until forward movements are again applied i tothe power' transmitting member 1 1.

In connection with the foregoing` operation it will be understood thatbut slight rearward movements must be given to the transmitting member11 for the purpose of only operating the clutch controller, as otherwisethe effect will be to operate the brake mechanism. When. it is desiredto operate the brake mechanism, a rearward or back pedall ing movementof sullicient amplitude and force must be applied to the transmittingmember to cause the brake shell to be eX- panded by the action of theinclined faces 28 of the wedges 25 and the corresponding inclined facesof the wedge blocks 4S, the effect of which will be to cause the outersurface of the brake shell to enga e the interior face of the hub 12.The shell eing held stationary at this time by means of theintermeshing` of the teeth 49 and 50, the result will be a powerfulbraking eilect upon the hub.

Fig. 6 illustrates a slight modification of the device, in which theclutch operating ring of the low speed clutch mechanism is a partindependent of the operating member carrier ring 23. This clutchoperating ring, which is designated in Fig. 6 by the reference character54, may be conveniently threaded directly upon the low speed sleeve l5,there being no need for the employment in such case ol the pawls 35,while the carrier ring, which is designated in this ligure by the ret'-erence character 55, is arranged in close proximity lthereto butnormally out of engagement therewith. The adjacent faces of the rings 54and 55 have teeth 56,- arranged for co-action'when the said rings are inengagement, whereby they will be rotatively connected at such times, andthe ring 54 may be provided with a suitable drag ring 57, similar to thedrag ring 33 employed in the high speed clutch mechanism.

' l/Vhat I claim is:

l. In mechanism ofthe class described, the combination with two-speedmechanism, a power transmitting element, a brake, and a brake operatingelement intermediate the brake and the power transmitting` element, ofmeans for controlling the two-speed mechanism, to bring about changes inthe speed of drive, by manipulation of the brake operating element.

2. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared together to rotateatdi'lerent relative speeds, a brake, and an operating element foroperating the brake when moved in one direction, and forl connecting oneor other of the said sleeves in driving relation with the driven elementwhen moved in the other direction.

3. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared together to rotateat di'liferent relative speeds, a brake, an operating element foroperating the brake when moved in one direction, and for connecting oneor other of the said sleeves in driving relation with the driven elementwhen moved in the other direction, a controller for the two speedmechanism, and means for operating the controller by means of' movementsof the driving element.

4. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared together to rotateat different speeds, clutch mechanism for connecting the said sleeves indriving relation with the said driven element, a clutch controller, abrake operating element, and means for operating the clutch controllerfrom the brake operating element.

5. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared together to rotateat di'l'l'erent speeds, clutch operating mechanism co-acting with bothsaid sleeves, a' clutch controller for co-acting with the clutchoperating mechanism of one of said sleeves, a clutch lor said drivenelement, a brake, and an operating element arranged to be moved indillerent directions by the said clutch operating mechanism, and tooperate the said clutch when moved in one direction and the said brakewhen moved in the other direction,

6. In mechanism of' the class described, the combination ol" a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared together to rotateat diilierent relative speeds, a clutch operating ring for each of thesaid sleeves, a clutch controller for the clutch operating ring on thehigh speed sleeve, an operating element, a clutch for the driven elementarranged to be operated when the said operating element is moved in onedirection, a brake, and means for applying the brake when the saidoperating element is moved in the other direction.

7. In mechanism of the class described, the combination with a drivingelement, a driven element, two-speed driving mechanism, and a brakeshell lor engaging the driven element, of means eo-acting with the brakeshell for controlling the two-speed mechanism to bring about changes inthe relationship of speed of' drive between the driving and drivenelements.

8. In mechanism of the class described, the con'ibination ol" a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared. together torotate at diilerent relative speeds, clutch mechanism lor connecting oneor other of the said sleeves in driving relation with the hub, anormally rotatable brake shell, means for holding the brake shellstationary and lor causing same to engage the hub for braking purposes,and means operated by the relative movements between the brake shell andthe driving sleeves when the brake shell is held stationary, forcontrolling the said clutch mechanism.

9. The combination of a driving element, a driven element, alongitudinally movable wedge between said elements, connecting meansbetween said driving element and said wedge for producing longitudinalmovements of the latter, an expanding clutch ring beelement having awedge slot adapted to receive said wedge, and adapted, when expanded bysaid wedge, to engage said driven element and to make a drivingconnection between said driving element and said driven element, andtwo-speed mechanism between said driving element and said drivenelement, whereby the speed of .drive may be varied.

10. The combination of a driving element,

a driven element, a longitudinally movable wedge betweenl said elements,connecting means between said driving element and said wedge forproducing longitudinal movements of the latter, an expanding clutch ringbetween said driving element and said driven element having a wedge slotadapted to receive said wedge, and adapted, when expanded by said wedgeto engage said driven element and to make a driving connection betweensaid driving element and said driven element, two-speed mechanismbetween the driving and driven elements, and means for shifting from onespeed to the other.

11. The combination of a driving element, a driven element, alongitudinally movable wedge between said elements', connectin meansbetween said driving element and sai wedge for producing longitudinalmovements of the latter, an expanding clutch ring between said drivingelement and said driven element having a wedge slot adapted to receivesaid wedge, and adapted, when expanded by said wedge to engage saiddriven element and to make a driving connection between said drivingelement and said driven element, two-speed mechanism between the drivingand driven elements, and means operated by movements of the drivingelement for shifting from one speed to the other.

12. In mechanism oi' theclass described, the combination with two-speedmechanism, a power transmitting element, a brake, and a brake operatingelement intermediate the brake and the power transmitting element, ofmeans for controllin the two-speed mechanism to bring about'c anges inthe speed of drive by manipulation of the brake operating element, andmeans for manipulating the brake operating element by movements of thepower transmitting element.

13. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared together to rotateat diiferent relative speeds, a brake, an operating element foroperating the brake when moved in one direction, and for connectin oneor other of the said sleeves in driving re ation with the driven elementwhen moved in the other direction, and means for moving the operatingelement by movements of the driving element.

14. In mechanism of the class described, the combination of a drivinelement, a driven element, two driving s eeves geared together to rotateat different relative speeds, clutch segments for engaging the drivenelement, a brake shell also arranged to engage the driven element, anexpanding member arranged, when moved in one direction, to engage theclutch segments, and, in the .other direction, to engage the brakeshell, clutch operating mechanism for the two said sleeves arranged toengage the said wedge or expanding member to move same in eitherdirection, and a clutch controller for the said clutch mechanism.

15. In mechanism of the class described, thecombination of a drivingelement, a driven element, two driving sleeves geared together to rotateat dierent relative speeds, clutch segments for engaging the drivenelement, a brake shell also arranged to engage the driven element, anexpandmg member arranged, when moved in one direction, to engage theclutch segments, and, in the other direction, to engage the brake shell,clutch operating mechanism for the two said sleeves arranged to engagethe said expanding member to move same in either direction, a clutchcontroller for the said clutch mechanism, and means coperating with thebrake shellfor operating the clutch controller.

HYLA F. MAYNES.

